Sri lanka best Ancient city Anuradhapura
Are you looking for a fascinating travel destination that boasts a rich cultural heritage, beautiful landscapes, and incredible archaeological wonders? Look no further than Anuradhapura, one of the most ancient and significant cities in Sri Lanka. As the first capital of the country, Anuradhapura is steeped in history, religion, and mythology, making it a must-visit place for anyone interested in exploring the past and present of Sri Lanka. In this article, we will take you on a journey to discover Anuradhapura’s unique features, including its sacred temples, stately palaces, majestic stupas, and peaceful gardens. Get ready to be amazed by the grandeur and mystery of this ancient city!
An Overview of Anuradhapura
Located in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka, Anuradhapura covers an area of over 16 square miles and is home to more than 50,000 people. The city’s history dates back to the 4th century BCE when it was founded by King Pandukabhaya. For over a millennium, Anuradhapura served as the political, cultural, and religious capital of Sri Lanka, attracting pilgrims, scholars, and traders from all over Asia. Today, Anuradhapura is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a major tourist destination in Sri Lanka, renowned for its ancient ruins, vibrant festivals, and serene atmosphere.
History
Anuradhapura has a rich and fascinating history that dates back to the third century BCE. It was the first capital of Sri Lanka and was ruled by a succession of monarchs for over a thousand years. The city was a center of Buddhism and attracted pilgrims and scholars from all over the world.
The founding of Anuradhapura is attributed to King Pandukabhaya, who is said to have established the city in 377 BCE. However, it was King Devanampiya Tissa who made Anuradhapura the capital of Sri Lanka in the third century BCE. He also played a key role in the spread of Buddhism in Sri Lanka, after he was converted to the faith by the Indian emperor Ashoka.
Under the reign of King Dutugemunu, Anuradhapura flourished and became a major political and cultural center in the region. The king is famous for his victory over the South Indian invader Elara and for the construction of several important Buddhist monuments, including the Ruwanwelisaya Stupa.
In the following centuries, Anuradhapura continued to prosper and was home to some of the greatest achievements in Sri Lankan history. The city saw the construction of vast irrigation systems, which helped to transform the arid landscape into a fertile agricultural hub. It also saw the construction of some of the most impressive Buddhist monuments in the world, including the Jetavanaramaya Stupa, which was the third-tallest structure in the ancient world.
However, Anuradhapura’s prosperity and grandeur also attracted invaders and conquerors. The city was repeatedly attacked and plundered by foreign powers, including the Cholas from South India and the Pandyas from Tamil Nadu. In the 10th century, the city was abandoned as the capital of Sri Lanka, and the power shifted to the south of the island.
Today, Anuradhapura is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is one of the most important cultural and religious destinations in Sri Lanka. Its rich history and stunning monuments continue to attract visitors from all over the world, who come to experience the magic of this ancient city for themselves.
The Top Attractions of Anuradhapura
Anuradhapura is full of fascinating landmarks that showcase its rich history and spirituality. Here are some of the must-visit attractions of the city:
Sri Maha Bodhiya
Sri Maha Bodhiya is one of the most revered and iconic landmarks in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. It is a sacred fig tree that is believed to be the oldest living tree in the world, with a history that dates back over 2,000 years. The tree is said to have been grown from a branch of the Bodhi Tree in Bodh Gaya, India, under which the Buddha achieved enlightenment.
The Sri Maha Bodhiya is located within the grounds of the Mahavihara complex, which is one of the most important Buddhist pilgrimage sites in Sri Lanka. It is surrounded by a beautifully landscaped park, and visitors are required to remove their shoes before entering the area surrounding the tree.
The tree itself is an impressive sight, standing over 30 meters tall and spreading over an area of 1,600 square meters. It is enclosed by a white railing, and a golden fence encircles the terrace that surrounds the tree.
The Sri Maha Bodhiya has been the focus of devotion and worship for over two millennia, and it is an important symbol of Buddhism in Sri Lanka. It is believed that those who visit the tree and offer prayers will receive blessings and spiritual guidance. The site is particularly busy during Buddhist festivals and full moon days when pilgrims come from all over Sri Lanka to pay homage to the tree.
The history of the Sri Maha Bodhiya is steeped in legend and mythology. According to Buddhist tradition, the Bodhi Tree was originally located in Bodh Gaya, India, where the Buddha achieved enlightenment. After his death, a branch of the tree was taken to Sri Lanka by Theri Sangamitta, the daughter of Emperor Ashoka of India, and planted in Anuradhapura. Since then, the tree has been carefully protected and nurtured by generations of monks and devotees.
Despite its age, the Sri Maha Bodhiya continues to thrive and produce new leaves each year. It is a testament to the power and resilience of nature and a reminder of the enduring legacy of Buddhism in Sri Lanka. A visit to this sacred tree is a must for anyone interested in the spiritual and cultural heritage of Sri Lanka.
Ruwanwelisaya Stupa
Ruwanwelisaya Stupa is a magnificent ancient monument that stands tall in the city of Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. It is one of the most important Buddhist shrines in the country, and it holds a special place in the hearts of Sri Lankan people.
The stupa was built in the 2nd century BCE by King Dutugemunu, who is considered to be one of the greatest monarchs in Sri Lankan history. The stupa is believed to house relics of the Buddha and is revered by Buddhists around the world. It is an impressive structure, standing at a height of over 90 feet and with a diameter of 300 feet.
The stupa is surrounded by a beautiful terrace, which is decorated with intricate carvings and sculptures. Visitors can walk around the stupa, admiring the beautiful architecture and taking in the serene atmosphere. The stupa is particularly impressive at night when it is illuminated by lights that highlight the intricate details of the structure.
Ruwanwelisaya Stupa is an important pilgrimage site for Buddhists, who come from all over the world to pay their respects to the Buddha and seek spiritual guidance. Visitors can offer flowers and light candles at the stupa, and they can also meditate or offer prayers in the surrounding gardens.
The stupa has a fascinating history, and it has been the subject of many myths and legends over the years. According to Buddhist tradition, the stupa was built with the help of a supernatural being named Yakkha, who provided the king with the necessary materials and labor. The stupa is also believed to have been the site of several miracles, including the healing of the sick and the revival of the dead.
Despite its age, the Ruwanwelisaya Stupa has been well-preserved over the centuries, and it remains an important symbol of Sri Lankan culture and history. A visit to this impressive monument is a must for anyone interested in the spiritual and cultural heritage of Sri Lanka, and it is sure to leave a lasting impression on all who see it.
Jetavanaramaya Stupa
Jetavanaramaya Stupa is an awe-inspiring ancient monument located in the city of Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. It is one of the largest stupas in the world, standing at over 120 meters tall and with a base diameter of 233 meters. It is believed to have been built in the 3rd century AD by King Mahasena, and it is one of the most important sites in Sri Lankan Buddhist history.
The stupa is surrounded by a beautifully landscaped park, which is dotted with ancient ruins and other monuments. Visitors can take a leisurely stroll around the park, admiring the natural beauty and historical significance of the site. The stupa itself is an impressive structure, with a white dome-shaped top that is visible from miles away.
Jetavanaramaya Stupa is an important pilgrimage site for Buddhists, who come from all over the world to offer prayers and seek spiritual guidance. The stupa is believed to contain relics of the Buddha, and it is revered as a sacred site of great significance. Visitors can offer flowers and light candles at the stupa, and they can also meditate or chant prayers in the surrounding gardens.
The stupa has a fascinating history, and it is said to have taken over 15 years to build. According to legend, the king had a vision of the Buddha, who instructed him to build the stupa using only earth and bricks. The king followed these instructions, and the stupa was built using over 90 million bricks and 3 million cubic feet of earth.
Despite its age, Jetavanaramaya Stupa has been well-preserved over the centuries, and it remains an important symbol of Sri Lankan culture and history. A visit to this impressive monument is a must for anyone interested in the spiritual and cultural heritage of Sri Lanka, and it is sure to leave a lasting impression on all who see it.
Abhayagiriya Monastery
Abhayagiriya Monastery is a fascinating ancient complex located in the city of Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. It was one of the largest monasteries in the world during its peak in the 2nd century BCE, and it was a center of Buddhist learning and culture for over a thousand years.
The monastery is surrounded by a beautifully landscaped park, which is home to many ancient ruins and monuments. Visitors can take a leisurely stroll around the park, admiring the natural beauty and historical significance of the site. The monastery itself is an impressive structure, with many ornate buildings and courtyards that are decorated with intricate carvings and sculptures.
Abhayagiriya Monastery is an important pilgrimage site for Buddhists, who come from all over the world to pay their respects to the Buddha and seek spiritual guidance. The monastery was founded by King Valagamba, who is said to have been exiled from his kingdom for over 14 years before returning to reclaim his throne. The monastery played a pivotal role in the spread of Buddhism throughout Sri Lanka, and it remains an important symbol of Buddhist culture and history.
Visitors to Abhayagiriya Monastery can explore the many buildings and structures that make up the complex, including the Abhayagiri Stupa, which is the second-largest stupa in Sri Lanka. The stupa is surrounded by a beautiful terrace, which is decorated with intricate carvings and sculptures. Visitors can also explore the many meditation halls and other buildings that are scattered throughout the complex, which provide a peaceful retreat from the hustle and bustle of daily life.
Despite its age, Abhayagiriya Monastery has been well-preserved over the centuries, and it remains an important symbol of Sri Lankan culture and history. A visit to this impressive complex is a must for anyone interested in the spiritual and cultural heritage of Sri Lanka, and it is sure to leave a lasting impression on all who see it.
Isurumuniya Temple
Anuradha is a person first settle in Anuradhapura who including with prince Wijaya(Aryan) who had migrated from India, He started a rural settlement called Anuradha on the west bank of the branch of the malwa Oya(river)
Isurumuniya Temple is a beautiful ancient temple located in the city of Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. It is believed to have been built in the 3rd century BC during the reign of King Devanampiya Tissa, and it is one of the most important historical and cultural sites in the country.
The temple is surrounded by a serene park, which is home to many ancient ruins and monuments. Visitors can take a leisurely stroll around the park, admiring the natural beauty and historical significance of the site. The temple itself is an impressive structure, with many ornate buildings and courtyards that are decorated with intricate carvings and sculptures.
One of the main attractions of Isurumuniya Temple is the beautiful rock-carved statue of a couple that is located on a boulder near the entrance to the temple. The statue is known as “Isurumuniya Lovers,” and it is one of the most famous and romantic works of art in Sri Lanka. Visitors can also explore the many meditation halls and other buildings that are scattered throughout the complex, which provide a peaceful retreat from the hustle and bustle of daily life.
Isurumuniya Temple is an important pilgrimage site for Buddhists, who come from all over the world to offer prayers and seek spiritual guidance. The temple is believed to contain relics of the Buddha, and it is revered as a sacred site of great significance. Visitors can offer flowers and light candles at the temple, and they can also meditate or chant prayers in the surrounding gardens.
Despite its age, Isurumuniya Temple has been well-preserved over the centuries, and it remains an important symbol of Sri Lankan culture and history. A visit to this impressive temple is a must for anyone interested in the spiritual and cultural heritage of Sri Lanka, and it is sure to leave a lasting impression on all who see it.
Kuttam Pokuna
Kuttam Pokuna, also known as the Twin Ponds, is an impressive ancient structure located in the city of Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. It is believed to have been built in the 3rd century BC during the reign of King Devanampiya Tissa, and it is one of the most important examples of hydraulic engineering in Sri Lanka.
The structure consists of two large rectangular ponds that are located side by side. The ponds are identical in size and design, and they are connected by an underground channel. The water in the ponds was supplied by a sophisticated system of underground aqueducts that carried water from nearby reservoirs.
The purpose of Kuttam Pokuna is believed to have been both practical and aesthetic. The ponds were used to supply water to the nearby monasteries and temples, and they also served as a decorative feature in the surrounding gardens. The ponds are surrounded by beautifully landscaped gardens and courtyards, which are decorated with intricate carvings and sculptures.
Kuttam Pokuna is an important historical and cultural site in Sri Lanka, and it is a testament to the advanced engineering skills of the ancient Sri Lankan people. Visitors can explore the ponds and surrounding gardens, and they can learn about the history and significance of the site through informative displays and exhibits.
Despite its age, Kuttam Pokuna has been well-preserved over the centuries, and it remains an impressive example of Sri Lankan hydraulic engineering. A visit to this impressive site is a must for anyone interested in the history and culture of Sri Lanka, and it is sure to leave a lasting impression on all who see it.
Samadhi Buddha Statue
The Samadhi Buddha Statue is an impressive ancient statue located in the city of Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. It is believed to have been built in the 4th century AD during the reign of King Mahasena, and it is one of the most important examples of ancient Buddhist art in Sri Lanka.
The statue depicts the Buddha in a seated meditation pose, known as the “Samadhi” pose. The Buddha is depicted with his hands resting in his lap, with one hand placed on top of the other. The statue is carved from a single piece of granite, and it stands an impressive 7 feet tall.
The Samadhi Buddha Statue is an important symbol of Buddhist philosophy and meditation. The statue is believed to represent the Buddha in a state of deep concentration, and it is a reminder to all who see it of the importance of mindfulness and inner peace. The statue is also believed to contain relics of the Buddha, making it a sacred site of great significance to Buddhists around the world.
Visitors to the Samadhi Buddha Statue can take in the serene atmosphere of the surrounding gardens, which are beautifully landscaped and decorated with intricate carvings and sculptures. The statue itself is surrounded by a protective fence, which allows visitors to admire its beauty and significance up close.
Despite its age, the Samadhi Buddha Statue has been well-preserved over the centuries, and it remains an important symbol of Sri Lankan culture and history. A visit to this impressive statue is a must for anyone interested in the spiritual and cultural heritage of Sri Lanka, and it is sure to leave a lasting impression on all who see it.
Tips for Visiting Anuradhapura
If you are planning to visit Anuradhapura, here are some tips to make the most of your trip:
- Wear comfortable clothing and footwear, as you will need to walk and climb stairs to explore the temples and stupas.
- Carry a hat, sunglasses, and sunscreen, as the sun can be intense in Sri Lanka.
- Respect the local customs and traditions, and dress modestly when visiting religious sites.
- Hire a guide or join a tour group to learn about the history and significance of the monuments and landmarks.
- Visit the temples and stupas early in the morning or late in the afternoon to avoid the crowds and the heat.
- Bring a camera or a smartphone to capture the beauty and grandeur of Anuradhapura.
How to get there
Getting to Anuradhapura and the Samadhi Buddha Statue is relatively easy.
By Air: The nearest airport is Bandaranaike International Airport in Colombo, which is approximately 180 km away from Anuradhapura. From the airport, visitors can hire a taxi or take a bus to Anuradhapura.
By Train: Anuradhapura is well-connected by train to Colombo and other major cities in Sri Lanka. Visitors can take a train to the Anuradhapura railway station and then take a taxi or tuk-tuk to the Samadhi Buddha Statue.
By Bus: Anuradhapura is well-connected by bus to other major cities in Sri Lanka. Visitors can take a bus from Colombo or other major cities to the Anuradhapura bus station, and then take a taxi or tuk-tuk to the Samadhi Buddha Statue.
Once in Anuradhapura, visitors can easily reach the Samadhi Buddha Statue by taxi or tuk-tuk. It is located just a short distance from the city center, and there are many signs and directions pointing visitors toward the site.
Overall, getting to the Samadhi Buddha Statue in Anuradhapura is relatively easy and straightforward, and visitors can choose from a range of transportation options to suit their needs and preferences.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the best time to visit Anuradhapura?
The best time to visit Anuradhapura is between December and March when the weather is dry and cool. However, Anuradhapura can be visited throughout the year, as it has a tropical climate and receives rain throughout the year.
How long does it take to explore Anuradhapura?
It takes at least one full day to explore the major attractions of Anuradhapura. However, if you want to explore the city in detail and learn about its history and culture, you may need two or three days.
Is Anuradhapura safe for tourists?
Yes, Anuradhapura is generally safe for tourists. However, it is always advisable to take precautions such as avoiding isolated areas at night, not leaving valuables unattended, and being aware of your surroundings.
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